Comprehensive Guide of short questions & answers to Chain Surveying

 

·  How do you do chain surveying in a field?
By marking stations, measuring distances with a chain or tape, and recording data.

·  What is chain surveying?
A method of measuring linear distances on the ground using a chain or tape.

·  What are the basic principles of chain surveying?
It involves measuring straight lines and marking stations without considering angles.

·  What are the different types of chains used in chain surveying?
Steel chains, invar chains, and cloth tapes.

·  What equipment is used in chain surveying?
Chain/tape, ranging rods, arrows, cross staff, pegs.

·  What are the instruments used in chain surveying?
Measuring chains, ranging rods, cross staff, and survey tapes.

·  Why are well-conditioned triangles to be formed in chain surveying?
To ensure accuracy and avoid distortion in measurements.

·  Who is a leader & who is a follower in chain surveying?
The leader holds the chain while the follower places pegs and marks stations.

·  What is the theory behind chain surveying?
It’s based on measuring straight lines and recording distances to map out an area.

·  What are the different types of systematic errors in chain surveying?
Errors due to chain tension, misalignment, and incorrect readings.

·  What is the difference between a chain survey and a compass?
A chain survey measures distances, while a compass measures angles.

·  What are the additional obstacles to chaining surveys?
Obstacles like trees, buildings, or uneven terrain can interfere with measurement.

·  What are metallic tapes in chain surveys made of?
Steel, invar, or other durable metals designed for precise measurements.

·  What operation is involved in a chain survey?
Measuring distances, marking stations, and recording data for mapping.

·  Why is a chain survey important?
It’s a simple, reliable method for surveying small areas with minimal equipment.

·  What are the chain survey instruments used?
Chains, tapes, ranging rods, cross staff, and pegs.

·  What is standardization and nominal length in chain surveying?
Standardization ensures the chain length is accurate; nominal length is the reference length.

·  Why is chain survey still used in India to measure the area of agricultural land?
It’s cost-effective and well-suited for small, flat agricultural plots.

·  Which types of chains are in a survey?
Steel chains, invar chains, and cloth measuring tapes.

·  How can I measure distance without a chain survey?
You can use GPS, a tape measure, or a digital distance meter.

·  What are the advantages of chain surveying? Under what conditions are they mostly used?
It’s easy, inexpensive, and used for small, flat areas with minimal obstacles.

·  Why are we taught chain surveying in college when we use some accurate and automatic measuring instruments in actual practice?
It teaches basic surveying principles and is a good foundation for advanced techniques.

·  Why is tape surveying more accurate than a chain survey?
Tape surveying provides more precise measurements due to flexible materials.

·  What factors should be considered to describe the station on chain surveying?
Visibility, ground level, and alignment with other stations.

·  How will you carry out surveying of an agricultural field using chain surveying? What is the office and field work involved?
In the field, measure distances and mark points; in the office, plot the data.

·  What is the essence of a checkline in a chain survey?
A checkline ensures the accuracy of measurements and verifies the survey.

·  What are the key sources of errors in chain surveying?
Errors arise from incorrect chain length, uneven terrain, and improper alignment.

·  What is the application of chain surveying in engineering surveying?
Chain surveying is used for basic mapping and layout in civil engineering projects.

·  What is tension related to tapes or chain surveying?
Tension affects the chain's length and accuracy, so it must be controlled.

·  How do I construct pentagon, hexagon using chain surveying?
Use equal chain lengths and measured angles to construct regular polygons.

·  Why are intermediate points located in chain surveying?
To mark additional features or changes in direction within the surveyed area.

·  What is the method referred in chain surveying?
It’s a method of measuring distances along straight lines between marked stations.

·  Suppose you are asked to conduct a chain survey in a crowded town. What would you say?
I would consider using digital tools or alternate methods due to obstacles in the area.

·  Why is triangulation one of the principles of chain surveying?
Triangulation helps maintain accuracy by creating well-defined reference points.

·  Why do we form triangular shapes in chain surveying?
Triangular shapes ensure accurate angles and measurements in the survey.

·  Why is chain surveying suitable for small areas?
It’s simple and ideal for surveying small, flat areas with few obstacles.

·  What are the sources of errors in a chain survey?
Errors can come from equipment miscalibration, terrain irregularities, and human mistakes.

·  How do you overcome obstacles in a chain survey?
Use flexible tapes or divide the survey into smaller sections to bypass obstacles.

·  Ranging in chain survey means?
Aligning two or more points to measure distances accurately.

·  Why are we maintaining well-conditioned triangles designing chain surveying tasks?
To maintain accuracy and ensure measurements are true to scale.

·  What are the different corrections applied to the chain in chain surveying?
Corrections for chain length, tension, temperature, and sag.

·  How many types of correction in chain surveying? Mention name below.
Four types: length correction, tension correction, temperature correction, and sag correction.

·  What are the characteristics of a chain survey?
It is simple, inexpensive, and suitable for small, flat areas.

·  What are the additional features applied in chain surveying?
Offsets, ranging, and the use of checklines to verify accuracy.

·  What is chain surveying?
A method of measuring linear distances using a chain or tape.

·  What is the mathematical derivation of a well-conditioned triangle in chain surveying being 30° to 120°?
It ensures stable and accurate measurements by forming proper angles.

·  Which is the best method of surveying land, traditional tape/chain survey or digital survey using a device? Which type of survey gives accuracy?
Digital surveys provide more accuracy, but chain surveys are cost-effective and good for small areas.

·  What is the difference between the leader and the follower in respect to a chain survey?
The leader holds the chain, while the follower places the pegs and verifies measurements.

·  Why do we need a chain survey while we have steel or invar tape?
Chain surveys are easier to manage for small areas and require less precision than tapes.

·  Is the summation triangulation method more time-consuming in a chain survey than traversing?
Yes, triangulation can be more time-consuming compared to traversing.

·  What are the different corrections applied to the chain in chain surveying?
Length, tension, temperature, and sag corrections.

·  What are 3 steps in conducting a chain survey?
Mark stations, measure distances, and record data.

·  Which is more accurate, a chain survey or a plane table survey?
A plane table survey is more accurate but requires more equipment.

·  In chain surveying, why is a ranging rod painted with red and white or black and white?
To enhance visibility from a distance.

·  What is the introductory objective of a chain survey practical?
To familiarize students with basic surveying techniques and measurement principles.

·  Why do we learn chain survey when we already have GPS GIS technology?
It provides foundational knowledge in surveying and is useful for small-scale projects.

·  In chain surveying, how come the error for SAG is cumulative positive?
Due to the chain sagging under its own weight over long distances.

·  What are the advantages of a chain survey over a plane table survey?
Chain surveys are simpler, cheaper, and easier to carry out for small areas.

·  What is the distance between two brass rings in a survey chain?
Typically 20.12 meters (or a standard unit depending on the chain length).

·  What are the different corrections applied to the chain in chain surveying?
Length correction, tension correction, temperature correction, and sag correction.

·  What are the different types of chains and tapes used in a chain survey?
Steel chains, invar chains, and cloth measuring tapes.

·  The accuracy of measurement in chain surveying does not depend upon?
The surveyor’s skill and the chain’s condition.

·  What is the importance of a field notebook in a chain survey?
To record measurements, station locations, and any corrections made.

·  Who is a leader & who is a follower in chain surveying?
The leader holds the chain, while the follower places the pegs.

·  What is the source of errors in a chaining survey, and how do you minimize them?
Errors arise from equipment miscalibration, human errors, or terrain irregularities. Minimize by using proper techniques.

·  What are the advantages and disadvantages of using chains in surveying?
Advantages: Simple, inexpensive. Disadvantages: Less accurate than modern tools.

·  What are the five pre-surveys needed to consider in a chain survey?
Area, terrain, obstacles, weather conditions, and equipment.

·  Explain the procedure of field work of chain survey.
Mark stations, measure distances, make offsets, and record the data.